Heart rate and other electrophysiological parameters before, during, and after maximal exercise test (electrocardiography using Cardiosoft® V6.5 Diagnostic System.)
Heart rate variation before, during, and after maximal exercise test (Kubios HRV® software)
Arterial stiffness and arterial tone before and after maximal exercise test (PulseTrace PCA2® digital pulse contour analysis)
Arterial pulse wave velocity, arterial stiffness, systemic vascular resistance, left ventricular stroke volume, and cardiac output before and after maximal exercise test (Circmon® B202 impedance cardiography) at 8 year follow-up
Oxygen consumption of vastus lateralis muscle during and after maximal exercise test (Continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy using Oxymon Mk III® NIRS system) at baseline and 8 year follow-up
Finger skin temperature before and after maximal exercise test (Thermofocus 01500/A3 infra-red thermometer)
Carotid artery intima-media thickness, the existence of carotid artery plaques, and carotid artery elasticity (Acuson Sequoia 512 Ultrasound Mainframe® and Siemens Acuson Linear Array® transducer) at 8 year follow-up
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure before, during, and after maximal exercise test (Heine Gamma® G7 aneroid sphygmomanometer)
Systolic beat-to-beat blood pressure and arterial baroreflex sensitivity (Finapress® software and Cafts® program)
Cardiorespiratory fitness (Maximal exercise test using Ergoselect 200 K® electromagnetic cycle ergometer and Oxycon Pro® respiratory gas analyzer and Hans-Rudolph® pediatric mask)
